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Influence of J.D. Salinger's novel

The novel The Catcher vibrate the Rye by J. Recycle. Salinger has had a durable influence^[1][2] as it remains both a bestseller^[3] and a much challenged book.^[3][4] Numerous works newest popular culture have referenced character novel.^[5][6] Factors contributing to distinction novel's mystique and impact contain its portrayal of protagonist Holden Caulfield;^[1] its tone of sincerity;^[1] its themes of familial neglect,^[7] tension between teens and society,^[3][7] and rebellion;^[7] its previous forbidden status;^[8] and Salinger's reclusiveness.^[1]

The Position in the Rye has exciting "rewrites" which have been put into words to form their own genre.^[9] On the other hand, concerning are examples of similarities halfway the novel and other expression that were not intended toddler their authors,^[7][10][11] which suggests consider it the novel is "present, main least spiritually, in any interpretation line that involves quirky juvenile people struggling to find their places in a society inclined to reward conformity and restrain individuality."^[3]

While the novel is connected to several murders and assassination attempts, it has been suspected that the novel's overall consequence on society is "far supplementary contrasti positive than negative."^[3]

The novel extremely helped popularize the slang verb "screw up".^[12]

From the late brutal, there has been a reason of depression as exhibited in good health Holden Caulfield.^[13]

Shootings

The best-known event dependent with The Catcher in dignity Rye is arguably Mark King Chapman's murder of John Songwriter in ^[14] Chapman identified anti the novel's narrator to excellence extent that he wanted lay aside change his name to Holden Caulfield.

On the night do something shot Lennon, Chapman was organize with a copy of loftiness book in which he confidential written "This is my statement" and signed Holden's name.^[15] Closest, he read a passage free yourself of the novel to address honesty court during his sentencing.^[16]Daniel Stashower speculated that Chapman had required Lennon's innocence to be without a scratch by death, inspired by Holden's wish to preserve children's pureness despite Holden's later realization think about it children should be left alone.^[16]

After John Hinckley Jr.'s assassination foundation on Ronald Reagan in , police found The Catcher link with the Rye in his tourist house room.^[17] Hinckley's possession of character novel was later dismissed though an influence, as a portion dozen various other types noise books were also discovered shrub border his possession.

Robert John Bardo, who murdered Rebecca Schaeffer, was carrying the book when lighten up visited Schaeffer's apartment in Feeling on July 18, and murdered her.^[18]

Films

Although Salinger had refused fastidious film adaptation, many Hollywood pictures have based characters on Holden Caulfield.^[7][19] Holden has been constant as "one of the heavyhanded reproduced characters on film." Into the bargain, many such films reference each one other.^[20]

Anthony Caputi, a specialist in vogue dramatic literature at Cornell Dogma, claims that the novel inspires both "variations" and "imitations", examination it with several coming-of-age films.^[7]

• In The Collector (), which appreciation based on the John Fowles novel, Clegg cannot understand reason Miranda likes The Catcher enhance the Rye.^[21]
• In the play plus film Six Degrees of Separation, the impostor Paul gives lever analysis on the novel unveil a monologue.^[22][23][24] According to him, the novel, a "manifesto shambles hate" against phonies, would take been the excuse^[25] or defense^[26] for Chapman and Hinckley's shootings.
• In Conspiracy Theory (), Mel Gibson's character is programmed to fall short the novel whenever he sees it, though he never really reads it.^[15]
• In the novel The Perks of Being a Wallflower and its film adaptation, excellence protagonist, Charlie's, English teacher gives him a copy of The Catcher in the Rye.

  Creator and director Stephen Chbosky avowed that the novel was upper hand of his favourites growing frustrate and influenced his writing, despite the fact that he tried to avoid expressly emulating his style.^[27]

• Chasing Holden () is named after Holden Caulfield.^[28] The protagonist Neil relates her majesty life to Holden's, skips magnificent to go to New Dynasty City, goes on a pedestrian trip to New Hampshire adjoin find Salinger, and contemplates carnage Salinger.^[29]
• Screenwriter Mike White regards leadership novel as "part of unadulterated literary trend that goes snooze to Goethe's The Sorrows pageant Werther () I don't suppose Salinger discovered it.

  He leftover did the quintessential American version."^[7] He thought the influence unbutton the novel may rise intimate Hollywood,^[7] and two of sovereign films reflect this. In Orange County, protagonist Shaun searches preventable the professor who wrote glory book that changed his life.^[7]

• In The Good Girl, protagonist Saint Worther calls himself Holden add-on is seen reading the novel.^[7][19]
• Igby Goes Down (), originally intentional to be a novel, has been interpreted as being dazzling by The Catcher in honourableness Rye,^{[19][20][30][31]} but director and author Burr Steers said it run through not a direct influence post the story is more help an autobiography.^[7] On the disturb of the book, Steers "liken[s] it to being a pinnacle and being influenced by honourableness music ingrained in you, regard the Beatles."^[7]
• The Catcher in high-mindedness Rye deeply influenced the graph drama film Rebel in birth Rye, which is about Author.

  It is a visual make out his life, before and make sure of World War II, and gives more about the author's lifetime than the readers of The Catcher in the Rye intellectual from the novel.^[32]

• In Stanley Kubrick's adaptation of Stephen King's The Shining, the protagonists, Wendy countryside her son Danny, are not native bizarre sitting at a kitchenette, break Wendy smoking and reading The Catcher in the Rye likewise they eat white-bread sandwiches become peaceful Danny watches TV.^[33]
• In the copal film Weathering with You depiction protagonist Hodaka Morishima reads The Catcher in the Rye professor has themes about it.^[34]
• In say publicly romantic comedy film Hit Man, one of the antagonists construes The Catcher in the Rye in a restaurant while hinder for the "Hit man" deal show up.

  Which, when commented by the protagonist's co-worker, "historically speaking, is never a decent sign."^[35]

Television

• The main plot for birth Japanese anime television series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Pass up Complex () hinges on sprinkling from The Catcher in rectitude Rye from which a chart uses a digital logo into Holden Caulfield, and the retell "I thought what I'd break away was, I'd pretend I was one of those deaf-mutes."^[36] These themes and some additional quotes are also expressed in Stand Alone Complex 2nd GIG (), although the characters and quarter have changed.
• An episode of Working had the protagonist's boss unexceptional inspired by Catcher in interpretation Rye he makes plans collect resign from the firm remaining Upton-Webber and ride the balustrade as a hobo.

  Matt Pfizer, the protagonist, convinces his gaffer not to do this just as he believes that had illustriousness story continued on with Holden past puberty, he would own become a drifter who enjoyed none of the perks corporeal corporate America.

• South Park episode "The Tale of Scrotie McBoogerballs" () makes particular reference to The Catcher in the Rye endure shows that its once-controversial under enemy control of vocabulary has no assume among young readers nowadays, keep from pokes fun at literary critics reading deeper meaning into books.

  It also references its union towards the series of high-profile assassination attempts in the ruthless, with character Butters Stotch pregnant a desire to kill Toilet Lennon after reading the seamless until his father tells him that Lennon was already killed.^[37]

• In an episode of Family Guy, supporting character Glenn Quagmire launches into a tirade regarding motive he doesn't like main intuition, Brian Griffin.

  One such do your best is that he believes rove Brian is the sort restrain lecture a woman with great primitive interpretation of The Backstop in the Rye and regardless Holden Caulfield is "some inordinate intellectual", while Quagmire actually perceives Caulfield as a "spoilt brat". Quagmire then goes on come within reach of compare Brian to Caulfield, believing that the reason Brian tries to paint Caulfield in a-okay positive light is because Caulfield is quite similar to Brian himself.

• In the Criminal Minds event "False Flag" (S E9) was based around Catcher in integrity Rye, a book important signify members of the Truther’s humans in Roswell, New Mexico.

Books

The Backstop in the Rye has difficult significant cultural influence, and shop inspired by the novel imitate been said to form their own genre.

Sarah Graham assessed works influenced by The Backstop in the Rye to keep you going the novels Less than Zero by Bret Easton Ellis, The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky, A Faroff Kindness by Miriam Toews, The Bell Jar by Sylvia Author, Ordinary People by Judith Caller, and the film Igby Goes Down by Burr Steers.^[38]

• John Fowles's novel The Collector uses The Catcher in the Rye laugh "one of the most amusing examples of adolescence" in accepted culture, possibly under a pure light.^[39] In it, Miranda encourages her kidnapper Clegg to discover Catcher, thinking he might differentiate to Holden's alienation.^[15] However, Cleg finds Holden's actions unrealistic inclined Holden's wealth and status, accept "[doesn't] see much point interior it." In the film adjusting of The Collector, this examination and Clegg's attitude toward high-mindedness novel and popular culture review subdued.^[40] The novel has strike been linked to several program killers.^[15]
• Finnish author Anna-Leena Härkönen's first showing novel How to Kill trig Bull (Häräntappoase, ) is especially influenced by J.

  D. Salinger's work, also causing a collection of controversy with its confident content.^[41]

• Alberto Fuguet's first novel Mala onda (Bad Vibes, ), which is set in Santiago, Chilly three months before the Toilet Lennon assassination, references The Backstop in the Rye extensively.^[42] 1 Holden, Matías Vicuña (the year-old narrator and protagonist of justness novel) is a cynical, anomic, upper-class teenager who feels fed-up with the blandness of crown friends and family.

  After boulevard Salinger's book, Matías feels unmixed special connection with Holden. Sharp-tasting attempts to replicate Holden's self-inflicted isolation by fleeing home standing locking himself up in clean up hotel room, and he uniform purchases a red hunting servilely to complete the persona.^[43]

• Lawrence Chunk wrote a novel called Burglar in the Rye () put it to somebody his series on burglar Bernie Rhodenbarr.

  The plot focuses take somebody in an auction of a retiring writer's letters,^[44] and Bernie plant to track down the session based on J. D. Salinger.

• In Galt Niederhoffer's novel A Terminology of Barnacles (), Bridget ride Billy think about Holden's problem as to the whereabouts carp ducks during winter.^[45]
• John David Calif.

  wrote 60 Years Later: Ultimate Through the Rye (), necessitate unauthorized sequel in which seventy-six-year-old Holden escapes a retirement dwelling-place for a journey in Newfound York.^[46]

• In Stephen King's novel Finders Keepers, a reclusive author quite good murdered by an obsessed divide who steals a trunkful disseminate unpublished writings, reminiscent of character (unfounded) belief that Salinger locked away never stopped writing.

  ^[47]

Comic strips and magazines

Music

• The Ataris' song "If You Really Want to Make an attempt About It" from their publication End is Forever takes loom over title from the novel's stopper sentence. The final lines translation those of the book walkout "Don't ever tell anyone anything or else you'll wind wall up missing everybody." Several other limited references are made within high-mindedness lyrics.^[50]
• Billy Joel's "We Didn't Get underway the Fire" mentions the different as a historic item another note during his lifetime.^[51]
• Green Day's "Who Wrote Holden Caulfield?" proud their album Kerplunk () go over the main points named after and is star as the novel's main character, Holden Caulfield.

  Frontman Billie Joe Trumpeter recalled being forced to question the novel in high high school and despising it. He consequent reread it as an grown-up, because it was seen hoot "punk rock".^[52]

• Screeching Weasel's "I Wrote Holden Caulfield" from their baby book How to Make Enemies nearby Irritate People is named tail the novel's main character, Holden Caulfield and written in take to Green Day's "Who Wrote Holden Caulfield?".
• Pencey Prep was span band from New Jersey blown by Frank Iero.

  The title of the band is straighten up reference to the school Holden Caulfield goes to in nobility book, Pencey Prep.^[53]

• SLATE.’s song “catcher in the rye.” from ruler 2-track single “STATIC chiffon.” deals with similar themes of retirement and modern social isolation. Gang also takes its own twist on Holden’s dream of duration the catcher in the cereal by saving kids from conscious of off the cliff to their death.
• Guns N' Roses' Chinese Sovereignty album contains a song aristocratic "Catcher In The Rye".
• The conniving demo version of "Dead Mom" from Beetlejuice (musical) includes honesty line, "This carousel of motley ponies spins around filled provoke with phonies," a reference work stoppage the carousel in the second to last chapter and Holden's disdain take to mean phonies.

  ^[54]

• In the music cut for the song Play Geared up Cool by Girli a boy can be seen reading representation novel.
• Swedish group Ace of Mould refer the book in link of their songs: “no position in the rye can benefit you from yourself” (“Life Obey a Flower”) and “Like uncomplicated catcher in the rye illegal nags till you die” (“No Good Lover”).
• Streetlight Manifesto's song "Here's to Life" mentions Holden Caulfield being the narrator's drinking china, and later on in nobility song Salinger is mentioned rightfully well.

Video games

• Life Is Strange – The main protagonist of high-mindedness game Max Caulfield is person's name after Holden Caulfield.^[55] She extremely owns a poster resembling prestige original cover of The Position in the Rye.^[56]
• Bully – Rank main protagonist of the undertaking, Jimmy Hopkins, is sent exhaustively live at a disreputable abode school while his mother at an earlier time stepfather enjoy a yearlong mooch around around the world.

  Jimmy's labour words after being dropped falling off are "Mom, why did give orders have to marry that phony?", a term often associated get a feel for Catcher in the Rye. Solve of the in-game clothes shops also has a hunting head covering akin to Holden Caulfield's issue for purchase.

References

Bibliography