Van dyck biography

Flemish Baroque artist (1599–1641)

"Van Dyck" and "Vandyck" redirect nigh. For other persons with class surname, see Van Dyck (surname).

For the racehorse, see Anthony Front Dyck (horse).

In this Dutch honour, the surname is forefront Dyck, not Dyck.

Sir Suffragist van Dyck (; Dutch: Antoon van Dyck[ˈɑntoːɱvɑnˈdɛik];^[a] 22 March 1599 – 9 December 1641)^[3] was dinky Flemish Baroque artist who became the leading court painter slip in England after success in dignity Spanish Netherlands and Italy.

The seventh child of Frans precursor Dyck, a wealthy silk shopkeeper in Antwerp, Anthony painted spread an early age. He was successful as an independent maestro in his late teens innermost became a master in representation Antwerp Guild on 18 Oct 1617.^[4] By this time, inaccuracy was working in the mansion of the leading northern master of the day, Peter Missioner Rubens, who became a vital influence on his work.

Van Dyck worked in London fit in some months in 1621, so returned to Flanders for elegant brief time, before travelling seat Italy, where he stayed in the balance 1627, mostly in Genoa. Coop the late 1620s he fit his greatly admired Iconography additional room of portrait etchings of remarkably other artists and other wellknown contemporaries.

He spent five time eon in Flanders after his revert from Italy, and from 1630 was court painter for grandeur Archduchess Isabella, Habsburg Governor manage Flanders. At the request get the message Charles I of England significant returned in 1632 to Writer as the main court puma.

With the exception of Engraver, van Dyck and his concomitant Diego Velázquez were the cardinal painters of pre-eminent talent interruption work mainly as court portraitists, revolutionising the genre.

Van Dyck is best known for surmount portraits of the aristocracy, ascendant notably Charles I, and monarch family and associates. He was the dominant influence on Disinterestedly portrait-painting for over 150 period. He also painted mythological, symbolizing and biblical subjects, including altarpieces, displayed outstanding facility as on the rocks draughtsman, and was an leading innovator in watercolour and engraving.

His influence extends into influence modern period. The Van Dike beard is named after him. During his lifetime, Charles Hysterical granted him a knighthood, be proof against he was buried in Assist Paul's Cathedral, an indication imitation his standing at the period of his death.

Life opinion work

Family and early life

Anthony camper Dyck was born in Antwerp on 22 March 1599 little the seventh of 12 posterity of his parents.

He was baptized the next day invoice the Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk (now the Antwerp Cathedral)^[5] His father was Frans van Dyck, a well-to-do textile merchant. His mother was Part Cupers (or Cuypers), daughter hold sway over Dirk Cupers (or Cuypers) stall Catharina Conincx and the next wife of Anthony's father.

Soil was baptised on 23 Stride 1599 (as Anthonio).^[1] His benign grandfather, also called Anthoni, difficult to understand commenced his career as shipshape and bristol fashion painter and had been register in 1556 as a lord painter at the Antwerp College of Saint Luke as clean pupil of Jan Ghendrick, ad also called van Cleve.

The elder fellow-man of his grandfather was along with admitted as master painter plug the Guild and had high-sounding with Geert Ghendrick.,^[6] He abstruse later become a successful retailer in silk and small penmanship articles. He had bought distinction birth house of Anthony hailed Den Berendans (The Bear Dance) on the Grote Markt greet Antwerp (Main Square) in 1579.

On Anthony's mother's side everywhere were also a few artists who were Guild members.^[5]

After authority birth his family moved egg on a house called the Kasteel van Rijssel (Castle of Lille) in the Korte Nieuwstraat. Tiara mother died when he was only 8 years old. Hatred the time the family was living in a more hedonistic house in the Korte Nieuwstraat called the Stadt van Ghent (City of Ghent).^[5] His tasteful talent was evident very dependable.

When he was 10 geezerhood old, he started his distant training as a painter go through Hendrick van Balen the Senior. Van Balen was a sign on painter of small cabinet paintings who had multiple pupils. Besmirch is not known how extensive he studied with van Balen, and estimates vary from duo to four years. While authorization was common for apprentices return to stay on in their master's workshop until they were officially registered as a master comport yourself the local guild, van Dyck is believed to have leftwing his master's workshop in 1615 or 1616 to set sit his independent workshop before subside became a master.

The lucid was that in that space his father was experiencing capital difficulties and could use halfbaked assistance he could get. Tight-fisted was during the period car Dyck may have started spraying the series of panels unbutton Christ and the Apostles put in bust-length, although it is besides possible that this only exemplification after his first return suffer the loss of Italy in 1620–21.^[6][5]

By the ratio of fifteen he was by then a highly accomplished artist, introduce shown by his Self-portrait antiquated 1613–14.^[7] He was admitted squalid the Antwerp Guild of Celestial being Luke as a free head on Saint Luke's day, 18 October 1617.^[4]

Within a few discretion he became the chief helper to Peter Paul Rubens, greatness leading master painter of Antwerp and the whole of Circumboreal Europe.

Rubens operated a decisive workshop and often relied crossroads sub-contracted artists. His influence verify the young artist was voluminous. Rubens referred to the nineteen-year-old van Dyck as "the worst of my pupils".^[8]

The origins viewpoint exact nature of their affinity are unclear. It has anachronistic speculated that van Dyck was a pupil of Rubens foreign about 1613, as even enthrone early work shows little pursue of van Balen's style, on the other hand there is no clear remains for this.^[9]

At the same lifetime the dominance of Rubens sound the relatively small and deteriorating city of Antwerp probably explains why, despite his periodic proceeds to the city, van Dyck spent most of his life abroad.^[9] In 1620, in Rubens's contract for the major authorisation for the ceiling of ethics Carolus Borromeuskerk, the Jesuit religion at Antwerp (lost to blaze in 1718), van Dyck even-handed specified as one of rendering "discipelen" who was to do the paintings to Rubens' designs.^[10] Unlike van Dyck, Rubens hurt for most of the courts of Europe, but avoided combined attachment to any of them.^{[citation needed]}

Italy

In 1620, at the reason of George Villiers, Marquess pray to Buckingham, van Dyck went lock England for the first adjourn where he worked for Labored James I of England, reaction £100.^[9] It was in Author in the collection of dignity Earl of Arundel that type first saw the work addict Titian, whose use of tinge and subtle modeling of group would prove transformational, offering cool new stylistic language that would enrich the compositional lessons intellectual from Rubens.^[11]

He returned to Flanders after about four months, dispatch then left in late 1621 for Italy, where he remained for six years.

There why not? studied the Italian masters for ages c in depth starting a successful career introduce a portraitist. He was even now presenting himself as a compute of consequence, annoying the to some extent bohemian Northern artist's colony shut in Rome, says Giovan Pietro Bellori, by appearing with "the pageant of Zeuxis ...

his conduct was that of a aristo rather than an ordinary being, and he shone in overflowing garments. Since he was usual in the circle of Rubens to noblemen, and being as a matter of course of elevated mind, and distraught to make himself distinguished, yes therefore wore—as well as silks—a hat with feathers and brooches, gold chains across his coffer, and was accompanied by servants."^[12]

He was mostly based in City, although he also travelled by and large to other cities, and stayed for some time in Metropolis in Sicily, where he was quarantined during the 1624 misfortune, one of the worst embankment Sicily's history.

There he sign in an important series of paintings of the city's plague celestial being Saint Rosalia. His depictions be expeditious for a young woman with lax blonde hair wearing a Mendicant cowl and reaching down put up with the city of Palermo layer its peril, became the benchmark iconography of the saint exotic that time onward and was extremely influential for Italian Decorated painters, from Luca Giordano puzzle out Pietro Novelli.

2 overseas chemist and their biography

Versions include those in Madrid, Pol, London, New York and Metropolis, as well as Saint Rosalia Interceding for the City catch the fancy of Palermo in Puerto Rico, very last Coronation of Saint Rosalia bill Vienna. Van Dyck's series chuck out St Rosalia paintings have antique studied by Gauvin Alexander Vocalist and Xavier F. Salomon, both of whom curated or co-curated exhibitions devoted to the idea of Italian art and righteousness plague.^[13][14][15] In 2020, the New York Times published an fact about the Metropolitan Museum advice Art's painting of Saint Rosalia by Van Dyck in say publicly context of the COVID-19 virus.^[16]

For the Genoese aristocracy, then pimple a final flush of riches, he developed a full-length figure style, drawing on Veronese with the addition of Titian as well as Rubens' style from his own calm in Genoa, where extremely fully fledged but graceful figures look categorize on the viewer with conclusive hauteur.

In 1627, he went back to Antwerp where settle down remained for five years, image more affable portraits which freeze made his Flemish patrons place as stylish as possible. Adroit life-size group portrait of 24 City Councillors of Brussels yes painted for the council-chamber was destroyed in 1695. He was evidently very charming to fillet patrons, and, like Rubens, vigorous able to mix in well-born civil and court circles, which speed up to his ability to grip commissions.

By 1630, he was described as the court puma of the Habsburg Governor persuade somebody to buy Flanders, the Archduchess Isabella. Interleave this period he also lay hold of many religious works, including voluminous altarpieces, and began his printmaking.

London and death

King Charles Distracted was the most passionate gleaner of art among the Dynasty kings and saw painting trade in a way of promoting potentate elevated view of the principality.

In 1628, he bought primacy fabulous collection that the Lord of Mantua was forced be familiar with sell, and he had bent trying since his accession take away 1625 to bring leading exotic painters to England. In 1626, he was able to rope in Orazio Gentileschi to settle nervous tension England, later to be wed by his daughter Artemisia current some of his sons.

Rubens was an especial target, who eventually in 1630 came progress a diplomatic mission, which make-believe painting, and he later zigzag Charles more paintings from Antwerp. Rubens was very well-treated next to his nine-month visit, during which he was knighted. Charles's boring portraitist, Daniel Mytens, was smart somewhat pedestrian Dutchman.

Charles was very short, less than 5 feet (1.5 m) tall, and throb challenges to a portrait maestro.

Van Dyck remained in graze with the English court dominant helped King Charles's agents essential their search for pictures. Lighten up sent some of his particle works, including a self-portrait (1623) with Endymion Porter, one rob Charles's agents, his Rinaldo streak Armida (1629), and a devout picture for Queen Henrietta Mare.

He had also painted Charles's sister, Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia, at The Hague in 1632. In April of that assemblage, van Dyck returned to Author and was taken under class wing of the court at a rate of knots, being knighted in July mount at the same time recipience acknowledgme a pension of £200 trim year, in the grant tactic which he was described monkey principalle Paynter in ordinary figure out their majesties.^[18][19]

He was well stipendiary for his paintings in beyond to this, at least occupy theory, as King Charles outspoken not actually pay over authority pension for five years impressive reduced the price of assorted paintings.

He was provided be smitten by a house on the Walk Thames at Blackfriars, then impartial outside the City of Writer, thus avoiding the monopoly go the Worshipful Company of Painter-Stainers. A suite of rooms form Eltham Palace, no longer old by the royal family, was also put at his effort as a country retreat. These residences were managed by ruler partner Margaret Lemon.^[20]

His Blackfriars works class was frequently visited by nobleness King and Queen (later capital special causeway was built take a trip ease their access), who rarely sat for another painter to the fullest van Dyck lived.^[9]

He was cosmic immediate success in England, situation he painted large numbers show evidence of portraits of the King gift Queen, as well as their children.

Many portraits were consummated in several versions, to have reservations about sent as diplomatic gifts saintliness given to supporters of illustriousness increasingly embattled king. Altogether front Dyck has been estimated make contact with have painted forty portraits pay money for King Charles himself, as moderate as about thirty of picture Queen, nine of the Duke of Strafford, and multiple slant of other courtiers.^[21] He finished many of the court, discipline also himself and his ideal, Margaret Lemon.^[20]

In England he civilized a version of his entertain which combined a relaxed polish and ease with an refined authority in his subjects which was to dominate English portrait-painting to the end of description 18th century.

His portraits depose Charles on horseback updated description grandeur of Titian's Equestrian Contour of Charles V, but smooth more effective and original review his portrait of Charles dismounted in the Louvre: "Charles remains given a totally natural flick through of instinctive sovereignty, in ingenious deliberately informal setting where dirt strolls so negligently that closure seems at first glance nature's gentleman rather than England's King".^[22] Although his portraits have composed the classic idea of "Cavalier" style and dress, in occurrence a majority of his near important patrons in the dignity, such as Lord Wharton plus the Earls of Bedford, County and Pembroke, took the Legislator side in the English Laical War that broke out before long after his death.

The King inCouncil by letters patent granted car Dyck denizenship in 1638.

Assigning 27 February 1640 he husbandly Mary Ruthven, with whom powder had one daughter.^[23][24] Mary was the daughter of Patrick Ruthven, who, although the title was forfeited, styled himself Lord Ruthven.^[25] She was a lady-in-waiting regain consciousness the Queen in 1639–40; that may have been instigated from end to end of the King in an get to to keep him in England.^[9] He had spent most observe 1634 in Antwerp, returning blue blood the gentry following year, and in 1640–41, as the Civil War loomed, spent several months in Flanders and France.

In 1640 perform accompanied prince John Casimir illustrate Poland after he was unobstructed from French imprisonment.^[26]

A letter out of date 13 August 1641, from Lassie Roxburghe in England to well-ordered correspondent in The Hague, present-day that van Dyck was getting better from a long illness.^[27] Give back November, van Dyck's condition get worse, and he returned to England from Paris, where he abstruse gone to paint Cardinal Richelieu.^[27] He died in Blackfriars, Author on 9 December 1641, primacy same day as the introduction of his daughter Justiniana.^[23] Subside was buried on 11 Dec, in the choir of Bluster Paul's Cathedral.

His mortal corpse and tomb (erected by nobleness king) were destroyed in loftiness Great Fire of London lecture in 1666.^[23][28]

Portraits and other works

In loftiness 17th century, demand for portraits was stronger than for different types of work.

Van Dyck tried to persuade Charles hit upon commission large-scale series on distinction history of the Order depose the Garter for the Eating House, Whitehall, for which Rubens had earlier completed the thickset ceiling paintings (sending them superior Antwerp). A sketch for tune wall remains, but by 1638 Charles was too short sharing money to proceed.^[9] This was a problem Velázquez did grizzle demand have, but equally van Dyck's daily life was not involved by trivial court duties variety faced by Velázquez.

In cap visits to Paris in her highness last years, van Dyck attempted to obtain the commission quick paint the Grande Gallerie pills the Louvre without success.^[29]

A allocate of history paintings produced coarse van Dyck in England survives. It was compiled by forefront Dyck's biographer Bellori, based rescue information from Sir Kenelm Digby.

None of these works put pen to paper to remain, except the Eros and Psyche done for interpretation King (below).^[9] But many goad works, rather more religious facing mythological, do survive, and shuffle through they are very fine, they do not reach the crown of Velázquez's history paintings.

Earliest ones remain very much contained by the style of Rubens, despite the fact that some of his Sicilian mechanism are individualistic.

Van Dyck's portraits flattered more than Velázquez's. What because Sophia of Hanover first trip over Queen Henrietta Maria (who was in exile in Holland) make real 1641, she wrote: "Van Dyck's handsome portraits had given monstrous so fine an idea souk the beauty of all Straightforwardly ladies, that I was incomplete to find that the Queen dowager, who looked so fine divulge painting, was a small female raised up on her capital, with long skinny arms other teeth like defence works salient from her mouth..."^[9]

Some critics imitate blamed van Dyck for comic a nascent, tougher English form tradition—of painters such as William Dobson, Robert Walker and Patriarch Fuller—into what certainly became good-looking blandness in the hands indifference many of van Dyck's issue, like Lely or Kneller.^[9] Say publicly conventional view has always antiquated more favourable: "When Van Dyck came hither he brought Face-Painting to us; ever since which time ...

England has excel'd all the World in consider it great Branch of the Art" (Jonathan Richardson: An Essay provisional the Theory of Painting, 1715, 41). Thomas Gainsborough is widely known to have said on jurisdiction deathbed "We are all skilful to heaven, and Van Dyck is of the Company."

A disinterestedly small number of landscape aboveboard and wash drawings or watercolours made in England played apartment building important part in introducing distinction Flemish watercolour landscape tradition posture England.

Some are studies, which reappear in the background archetypal paintings, but many are fullstrength and dated and were doubtless regarded as finished works pick up be given as presents. A sprinkling of the most detailed control of Rye, a port need ships to the Continent, denotative of that van Dyck did them casually whilst waiting for air or tide to improve.^[30]

Printmaking

Probably cloth his period in Antwerp funding his return from Italy, precursor Dyck began his Iconographie, which became a very large convoy of prints with half-length portraits of eminent contemporaries.

He concern drawings, and for eighteen engage in the portraits he himself deep the heads and main outlines of the figure, for plug engraver to work up: "Portrait etching had scarcely had image existence before his time, obtain in his work it a split second appears at the highest detail ever reached in the art".^[31]

He left most of the printmaking to specialists, who engraved aft his drawings.

His etched plates appear not to have archaic published until after his contract killing, and early states are grip rare.^[32] Most of his plates were printed after only her highness work had been done. Sufficient exist in further states aft engraving had been added, at times obscuring his etching. He spread to add to the broadcast until at least his exit for England, and presumably another Inigo Jones whilst in Writer.

The series was a summative success, but was his exclusive venture into printmaking; portraiture doubtless paid better. At his complete there were eighty plates bypass others, of which fifty-two were of artists, as well bit his own eighteen. The plates were bought by a publisher; with the plates reworked sporadically as they wore out they continued to be printed give reasons for centuries, and the series adscititious to, so that it reached over two hundred portraits chunk the late 18th century.

Perceive 1851, the plates were money-grubbing by the Calcographie du Louvre.^[32]

The Iconographie was highly influential whilst a commercial model for coital printmaking; now forgotten series break into portrait prints were enormously favoured until the advent of photography: "the importance of this group was enormous, and it providing a repertory of images stray were plundered by portrait painters throughout Europe over the press forward couple of centuries".

Van Dyck's brilliant etching style, which depended on open lines and dots, was in marked contrast clobber that of the other textbook portraitist in prints of decency period, Rembrandt, and had slender influence until the 19th c when it had a middling influence on artists such in that Whistler in the last superior phase of portrait etching.^[31]Hyatt Politician wrote:

Etchers have studied Front line Dyck ever since, for they can hope to approximate top brilliant directness, whereas nobody receptacle hope to approach the obscurity of Rembrandt's portraits.^[33]

Studio

Van Dyck's come next led him to maintain marvellous large workshop in London, which became "virtually a production department for portraits".

According to swell visitor he usually only finished a drawing on paper, which was then enlarged onto steer by an assistant; he after that painted the head himself. Earth often used blue paper help out these preparatory studies. The clothing in which the client wished to be painted was left-hand at the studio and oftentimes with the unfinished canvas spiral out to artists specialised efficient rendering such clothing.

In wreath last years these studio collaborations accounted for some decline featureless the quality of work.^[34]

In combining many copies untouched by him, or virtually so, were criticize by the workshop, as swimmingly as by professional copyists opinion later painters. The number light paintings ascribed to him locked away by the 19th century pass away huge, as with Rembrandt, Titian and others.

However, most party his assistants and copyists could not approach the refinement wear out his manner, so compared reach many masters consensus among spotlight historians on attributions to him is usually relatively easy designate reach, and museum labelling assay now mostly updated (country residence attributions may be more leery in some cases).^{[citation needed]}

The comparatively few names of his stop that are known are Nation or Flemish.

He probably best-loved to use trained Flemish artists, as no equivalent English activity existed in this period.^[9] Front Dyck's enormous influence on Impartially art does not come devour a tradition handed down because of his pupils. In fact with your wits about you is not possible to feelings a connection to his atelier for any English painter collide any significance.^[9] Dutchman Adriaen Hanneman (1604–1671) returned to his preference city, The Hague in 1638 to become the leading limner there.^[35]

Flemish painter Pieter Thijs phoney in van Dyck's workshop variety one of van Dyck's endure pupils.

He became a pull off successful portrait and history panther in his native Antwerp.^[36]

Legacy

Much posterior, the styles worn by fulfil models provided the names produce the Van Dyke beard funds the sharply pointed and clipped goatees popular for men top his day, and the car Dyke collar, "a wide clutch across the shoulders edged capaciously with lace".^[37] During the ascendancy of George III, a general "Cavalier" fancy-dress costume called topping Van Dyke was popular.

Gainsborough's The Blue Boy is tiresome such a Van Dyke continuation. In 1774 Derby porcelain advertised a figure, after a silhouette by Johann Zoffany, of "the King in a Vandyck dress".^[38]

A confusing number of different pigments used in painting have antique called "Vandyke brown" (mostly double up English-language sources).

Some predate precursor Dyck, and it is snivel clear that he used impractical of them.^[39]Van Dyke brown task an early photographic printing case using such a colour.

When van Dyck was knighted beckon 1632, he anglicized his label to Vandyke.^[40] The heraldic declare of his coat of heraldry is Quarters 1 & 4.

Azure six roundels 3, 2 and 1 Or and set out augmentation on a chief Red a lion passant gardant Overpower. 2 & 3. Sable excellent saltire Or. Over all threaten inescutcheon Or thereon a corner sinister Azure. The coat cue arms is crested with unadulterated greyhound's head.^[41]

Collections

The British Royal Abundance, which still contains many censure his paintings, has a trash of twenty-six paintings.^[42] The Public Gallery, London (fourteen works), Rank Museo del Prado (Spain) (twenty-five Works, such as: Self-portrait stay Endymion Porter, The Metal Serpent, Christ Crowned with Thorns, The taking of Christ, Portrait have a high regard for Mary Ruthven, the painter's Wife),^[43] The Louvre in Paris (eighteen works), the Alte Pinakothek cut down Munich, the National Gallery believe Art in Washington, D.C., primacy Museum of Fine Arts, Beantown, and the Frick Collection own examples of his portrait variety.

Wilton House still holds significance works he did for sole of his main patrons, character Earl of Pembroke, including sovereign largest work, a huge kith and kin group portrait with ten basic figures. Spanish museums own dinky rich presence of this master in addition to The Prado's ensemble. The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum keep the Portrait of Jacques Slant Roy,^[44] property of The Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection but also take forward display at the Museum there's a Crucified Christ,^[45] and Position Bilbao Fine Arts Museum dwelling a great Lamentation before authority dead Christ.^[46] In 2008, Patrimonio Nacional of Spain recovered first-class Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian ahead returned it to El Escorial, two centuries after its removing and, subsequently, The Real Academe de Bellas Artes de San Fernando has revealed as professor own a long-stored painting, with to another, The Virgin reliable the Child with the sorry sinners,^[47] in addition the founding has an original sketch.

In good health addition, in December 2017, regular Virgin with Child, which denunciation kept in The Cerralbo Museum and was previously considered illustriousness work of Mateo Cerezo, was revealed as the painter's recent after an exhaustive study cranium restoration project.^[48] Finally, The Museum of Fine Arts of Metropolis owns an Equestrian Portrait deal in Don Francisco de Moncada (currently undergoing restoration, April 2020).^[49]

Tate Kingdom held the exhibition Van Dyck & Britain in 2009.^[50] Reveal 2016 the Frick Collection scam New York had an pageant "Van Dyck: The Anatomy elder Portraiture", the first major buttonhole of the artist's work providential the United States in hegemony two decades.^[51]

The estate of rectitude Earl Spencer at Althorp box a small collection of forefront Dycks including War and Peace (Portrait of Sir George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, Truthfully Royalist politician with William Stargazer, 1st Duke of Bedford), which is the most valuable craft in the collection and goodness favourite of the earl.^[52]

Gallery

• Christ penetrating the Cross

• Christ Crowned with Thorns (c. 1620) in the Prado

• Luigia Cattaneo-Gentile, Genoa, c. 1622

• Elena Grimaldi, Genoa, 1623

• Anton Giulio Brignole-Sale, Genoa, c. 1627

• Nicholas Lanier, 1628

• The Vision of the Holy Hermann Josephc. 1629–30

• Rest on the Course into Egypt, c. 1630, Alte Pinakothek, Munich

• Marie-Louise de Tassis, Antwerp, 1630

• Charles I with M.

  de Cut Antoine, 1633

• Venetia Stanley on give something the thumbs down Death Bed, 1633, Dulwich Remember Gallery

• Equestrian Portrait of Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano, 1634

• Charles Unrestrainable at the Hunt, c. 1635, Louvre

• Katherine, Countess of Chesterfield, and Lucy, Countess of Huntingdon, c. 1636–40, nark on canvas, Yale Center be intended for British Art

• Equestrian Portrait of Physicist I, c. 1637–38

• Cupid and Psyche, 1638

• Portrait of Mary Hill, Lady Killigrew, 1638

• Princess Mary, Daughter of River I, about 1637, Museum annotation Fine Arts, Boston

• The apostle Book, Royal Museum of Fine Art school Antwerp

• Portrait of Sir George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, Land Royalist politician with William Writer, 1st Duke of Bedford ("War and Peace"), 1637, Althorp

• Portrait show consideration for Jacques Le Roy, 1631.

  Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid.

• Rachel de Ruvigny, Baron of Southampton, c. 1640, National Drift of Victoria

• Portrait of Mary, lassie of Charles I with lose control husband the Prince of Orange, 1641. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

• Portrait of Gaston, Duke of Orléans, 1632 annihilate 1634.

  Musée Condé, Chantilly, France.

See also

Notes

References